ICC Structural Masonry Practice Exam 2025 - Free Structural Masonry Practice Questions and Study Guide

Sand is commonly used as an aggregate in masonry mortar because it provides bulk, strength, and workability to the mix. The characteristics of sand, such as its grading and cleanliness, play a crucial role in ensuring that the mortar adheres well to masonry units and maintains structural integrity.

In masonry applications, the fine particles of sand help to create a workable paste when combined with cement and water, allowing for easy application and manipulation during construction. The use of the correct type of sand, such as sharp or coarse sand, can also affect the bond strength and durability of the mortar once it sets.

Other materials listed—gravel, cement, and coal—are not suitable as aggregates in masonry mortar. Gravel is generally used in concrete mixes rather than mortar, as it provides more significant structural support than needed for the bonding application of mortar. Cement itself is a binding agent, and while it is a crucial component of the mortar mix, it does not serve as an aggregate. Coal, being an organic material, is not used in masonry mixes due to its inability to provide the necessary physical properties and strength needed for effective mortar.